What is Nikkō Tōshō-gū?
Nikkō Tōshō-gū is one of Japan’s most iconic historic sites, located in Nikkō City, Tochigi Prefecture.
It was founded in 1617 to deify and enshrine Tokugawa Ieyasu.
Later, using the financial power of the Tokugawa shogunate, the shrine was expanded and is now world-famous for its lavish architecture and artistic carvings.
Tōshō-gū, together with the nearby two shrines and one temple (Rinnō-ji and Nikkō Futarasan Shrine), was designated a UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Site in 1999.
This article explains the historical background, highlights, and access information for Nikkō Tōshō-gū in detail.
History of Nikkō Tōshō-gū
Nikkō Tōshō-gū was built as the place to enshrine Tokugawa Ieyasu, the founding shogun of the Edo shogunate, who was deified as "Tōshō Daigongen."
After his death, Ieyasu left instructions to have his body moved from Kunōzan in Shizuoka Prefecture to Nikkō, and Nikkō Tōshō-gū was constructed following his wishes.
The shogunate invested enormous funds in the shrine’s construction, bringing together the highest-level craftsmanship and artistry of the time.
The complex underwent major renovations during the era of Ieyasu’s grandson, Tokugawa Iemitsu, resulting in the lavish appearance seen today.
Highlights
Yomeimon
Yomeimon is one of the most famous buildings symbolizing Nikkō Tōshō-gū.
It is also called "Higurashi-mon" (literally “the gate of evening”), a name that comes from the legend that the gate’s carvings are so beautiful one could spend the whole day looking at them.
The gate contains about 508 carvings depicting animals, plants, and figures from mythology, each richly detailed.
The intricate design is well worth seeing.
The Three Wise Monkeys
The Three Wise Monkeys—"see no evil, speak no evil, hear no evil"—are carved on the stable (horse barn) at Tōshō-gū.
These monkeys were carved to convey the lesson of avoiding evil by not seeing, saying, or hearing it.
Because of their friendly design and deep meaning, they have become a widely recognized symbol both in Japan and abroad.
The Sleeping Cat
The Sleeping Cat, attributed to the sculptor Hidari Jingorō, is one of the shrine’s important carvings.
The small cat appears simply sleeping, but it is said to symbolize a peaceful environment.
A sparrow is carved behind the cat, representing a harmonious world in which predation does not occur.
Tomb of Tokugawa Ieyasu — Okusha (Inner Shrine)
Okusha is located at the furthest end of the Nikkō Tōshō-gū complex and contains Tokugawa Ieyasu’s tomb.
Reached by climbing a long stone stairway, this area has a solemn atmosphere and is a place where you can feel the weight of history.
At the top of the stone steps you can also enjoy panoramic views of Nikkō’s natural beauty, so be sure to visit.
Seasonal Scenery
Nikkō Tōshō-gū is surrounded by nature and offers different beautiful landscapes in each season.
- Spring: Cherry blossoms and fresh green foliage color the shrine grounds.
- Summer: Lush greenery creates a mysterious atmosphere.
- Autumn: From late October to mid-November the autumn leaves are at their best, offering a spectacular harmony of architecture and nature.
- Winter: The shrine standing in a snowy landscape has a special beauty.
Access Information
By Train
- Get off at Tobu Nikko Station (Tobu Nikko Line) or JR Nikko Station.
- From the station take a bus for about 10 minutes and get off at "Tōshō-gū Iriguchi" (Tōshō-gū Entrance).
By Car
- About 30 minutes via the Nikko-Utsunomiya Road from the Utsunomiya IC on the Tōhoku Expressway.
- There are parking lots nearby, but they can be crowded during the tourist season, so try to arrive early.
From the Airport
The usual route is via Tokyo Station from Narita or Haneda Airport, then take the Tobu Nikko Line to Nikkō.
Useful Information for Travelers
Hours and Admission
- Hours: 9:00–17:00; Nov–Mar until 16:00 (hours may vary seasonally)
- Admission:
- Adults (high school and older): ¥1,600
- Elementary & junior high students: ¥550
- Combination tickets and group discounts are available—please check the official website for the latest information.
Nearby Attractions
- Rinnō-ji: An important temple in Nikkō, alongside Nikkō Futarasan Shrine.
- Shinkyō (Sacred Bridge): A vermilion-lacquered bridge that is a symbol of Nikkō and a popular photo spot.
- Kegon Falls: One of Japan’s three famous waterfalls, about a 30-minute drive from Tōshō-gū.
Frequently Asked Questions When Visiting Nikkō Tōshō-gū
Q. How much time do I need to tour the site?
A. As a guideline, allow about 2 hours to see the main spots on the grounds; add another 30 minutes if you plan to visit Okusha (the inner shrine).
Q. Are there foreign-language guides?
A. Pamphlets are available in English, Chinese, and Korean, and some signboards have multilingual support.
Q. Is the site accessible for people with mobility issues?
A. Some areas have ramps, but places like Okusha have many stairs, so we recommend checking accessibility details in advance.
Q. When is the best season to visit?
A. Spring and autumn are especially popular. The cherry blossom season (mid-April) and the autumn leaves season (late October to early November) attract many visitors.
Conclusion
Nikkō Tōshō-gū is a special place where Japanese history, culture, and nature come together.
You can enjoy Japan’s aesthetic sense through its lavish architecture, beautiful carvings, and the historical background of Tokugawa Ieyasu.
Combining a visit to nearby sights and enjoying the seasonal scenery will make your trip to Nikkō even more rewarding.
Be sure to visit and experience its charm for yourself!
